HOW DO WE KNOW HOW LIFE BEGAN?
Throughout the experimental life of science, there are several theories that talk about the understanding of the beginning of life. The origin of life had to be the creation of organic molecules from inorganic molecules; the assembly of polymers, the ability for the polymers to self-replicate to allow inheritance characteristics and the development of membranes that have internal chemical differences form their outside. The Milley-Urey experiment is one specific theory that explains how life began; it used hydrogen, methane, and ammonia in order to simulate high-energy sources, and reducing atmosphere with the creation of amino acids. The only exception is that enzymes weren’t created and these substances are needed in order to create the peptide bonds. Meaning that this experiment didn’t successfully follow the steps of a spontaneous origin of life. The Louis Pateur experiment is another type of experiment that tries to understand the spontaneous origin of life, but failed since the bacteria wasn’t generating naturally. With this said although scientists have an idea of how life was created, due to lack of experimental success, there is no certainty on how life began.
HOW IS THE CELL LIKE A CITY?
The cell is like a city for several reasons since it has a control of center for every system in order to be successful. Just like a city, the cell has a control center for all the activities that occur in the cell (governor mansion/ nucleous). The city also contains factories that produce the goods that will be consumed by the civilians, which has a packing mechanism that then sends the merchandise to a delivery service, which will spread it to its destination within the town. The ribosomes in this case produce the protein, and then it is transported to the rough endoplasmic reticulum so it can be transported into the Golgi apparatus, which categorizes the protein to its specific destination. Vacuoles are also located all throughout the city as warehouses since they store every type of production created in the cell. Energy plants spread around the city can be determined as the mitochondria or the chloroplast, which creates energy in order to support the organism (city/cell). The police in the city can be considered as the membrane of the cell since it controls the different organisms that are exported or imported. Last but not least the streets would be the cytoplasm since it allows movement within the cell. The cities as well as every cell has a set of mechanisms that have to be completed in order for it to be sustained and successful.
Throughout the experimental life of science, there are several theories that talk about the understanding of the beginning of life. The origin of life had to be the creation of organic molecules from inorganic molecules; the assembly of polymers, the ability for the polymers to self-replicate to allow inheritance characteristics and the development of membranes that have internal chemical differences form their outside. The Milley-Urey experiment is one specific theory that explains how life began; it used hydrogen, methane, and ammonia in order to simulate high-energy sources, and reducing atmosphere with the creation of amino acids. The only exception is that enzymes weren’t created and these substances are needed in order to create the peptide bonds. Meaning that this experiment didn’t successfully follow the steps of a spontaneous origin of life. The Louis Pateur experiment is another type of experiment that tries to understand the spontaneous origin of life, but failed since the bacteria wasn’t generating naturally. With this said although scientists have an idea of how life was created, due to lack of experimental success, there is no certainty on how life began.
HOW IS THE CELL LIKE A CITY?
The cell is like a city for several reasons since it has a control of center for every system in order to be successful. Just like a city, the cell has a control center for all the activities that occur in the cell (governor mansion/ nucleous). The city also contains factories that produce the goods that will be consumed by the civilians, which has a packing mechanism that then sends the merchandise to a delivery service, which will spread it to its destination within the town. The ribosomes in this case produce the protein, and then it is transported to the rough endoplasmic reticulum so it can be transported into the Golgi apparatus, which categorizes the protein to its specific destination. Vacuoles are also located all throughout the city as warehouses since they store every type of production created in the cell. Energy plants spread around the city can be determined as the mitochondria or the chloroplast, which creates energy in order to support the organism (city/cell). The police in the city can be considered as the membrane of the cell since it controls the different organisms that are exported or imported. Last but not least the streets would be the cytoplasm since it allows movement within the cell. The cities as well as every cell has a set of mechanisms that have to be completed in order for it to be sustained and successful.
HOW DO CELLS COMMUNICATE WITH ONE ANOTHER?
The communication of cells with one another is a process that refers to a direct connection between each cell; this is the construction of multi-cellular organisms. The interactions also allow the cells to exchange information in order to react to the changes of environment, which is crucial to the cell’s survival. Within the body the cells of a specific tissue also interact within each other when there are temporary inflammation of tissue that might affect the immune system. If cells aren’t able to communicate with one another the health of one might be affected with uncontrollable growth of cells, which may lead to the creation of tumors. A specific type of cell would be stable interactions, which involve multi-protein complexes that allow the connections of the cells. Transient interactions are another type of connection in which the connections are transitory in nature but the response is crucial for the immune system.
WHY IS STEM CELL RESEARCH A HOT TOPIC?
Stem cells are used now a days to treat several diseases and it is being examined in order to be used for several future experiments. The researches involve the use of embryonic stem cells as well as the use of adult stem cells. A famous use of the stem cells is the Stargardt's disease. This desease is developed in children between the years of 6 and 12. The main cause of this disease is a mistake in the genetic mutation. This symptom can cause loss of vision which can even result into blindness. Some scientists have found the ability to change stem cells into retina cells, therefore giving the affected the capacity to see again. This experiment was tried on mice, the cells were injected and without rejection, moved to the retina cells and attached. Although the vision of the mice didn't have a 100% increase, their sight improved which meant that this was a scientific discovery. Experiments are still made within the use of stem cells in order to improve human health.
The communication of cells with one another is a process that refers to a direct connection between each cell; this is the construction of multi-cellular organisms. The interactions also allow the cells to exchange information in order to react to the changes of environment, which is crucial to the cell’s survival. Within the body the cells of a specific tissue also interact within each other when there are temporary inflammation of tissue that might affect the immune system. If cells aren’t able to communicate with one another the health of one might be affected with uncontrollable growth of cells, which may lead to the creation of tumors. A specific type of cell would be stable interactions, which involve multi-protein complexes that allow the connections of the cells. Transient interactions are another type of connection in which the connections are transitory in nature but the response is crucial for the immune system.
WHY IS STEM CELL RESEARCH A HOT TOPIC?
Stem cells are used now a days to treat several diseases and it is being examined in order to be used for several future experiments. The researches involve the use of embryonic stem cells as well as the use of adult stem cells. A famous use of the stem cells is the Stargardt's disease. This desease is developed in children between the years of 6 and 12. The main cause of this disease is a mistake in the genetic mutation. This symptom can cause loss of vision which can even result into blindness. Some scientists have found the ability to change stem cells into retina cells, therefore giving the affected the capacity to see again. This experiment was tried on mice, the cells were injected and without rejection, moved to the retina cells and attached. Although the vision of the mice didn't have a 100% increase, their sight improved which meant that this was a scientific discovery. Experiments are still made within the use of stem cells in order to improve human health.
WHAT IS THE COMMUNITY MADE UP OF?
HOW DO SPECIES INTERACT WITH ONE ANOTHER AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT?
HOW CAN WE BUILD A SUSTAINABLE ECOSYSTEM?